Many employers are turning to arbitration in an effort to avoid the costs and inconvenience of litigation. Before implementing a policy requiring employees to submit disputes to binding arbitration, however, employers should consider the advantages and disadvantages of arbitration, as well as the procedural hurdles that must be overcome before an arbitration policy can be enforced against employees. The Advantages: • Arbitration can be less burdensome to employers ...
1. Introduction With the further globalization of the world financial infrustructure accompanied by the persisting lack of international coordination in fiscal affairs? increasingly the attention of the major developed countries (in particular, such groupings as G 7 and G 10) is turned to the problems of erosion of national tax bases and international tax evasion/avoidance, as well as the role played in it be so-called tax haven ...
It is basic to determine the legal status of enterprises in the business world. This becomes more important in different sceneries: when acquiring an existing corporation, investing in a going concern, granting loans, merger of companies, in joint ventures, etc. The term "Due Diligence" refers to the process of exhaustive search of the legal status of a specific enterprise ...
The Fiscal Equity Law, Law Num. 453, published on May 6, 2003, in the Daily Official Gazette Num. 82, establishes that natural persons, artificial persons or economic units, resident or not in the country, who perceive rent originated in Nicaragua are subject to a definite retention ...
In the commercial scope, the legal representation of limited liability companies is usually exercised by the President of the Board of Directors ...
The Income Tax is one of the most important taxes within the national taxation system because the subjects and activities that are affected by it are very wide. The Income Tax is regulated by the Fiscal Equity Law, which is published in the Daily Official Gazette Num. 82, on May 6, 2003. This Law establishes that the tax base to calculate the annual income is the net rent, which is the gross income obtained by the taxpayer minus the deductions authorized by law ...
by Igor Shevchenko and Michael Kharenko, Shevchenko Didkovskiy & Partners The need for corporate governance regulation evolved as Ukraine gained its independence and began its transformation to a market economy. Privatisation of state companies has led to their reorganisation into joint stock companies with a diverse ownership base ...
Today, it is easy to find examples where individuals’ assets are threatened due to their professional activities or personal situation. Our governments have also given themselves effective means of tapping into the personal assets of individuals, mainly through the imposition of various directors’ liabilities. Personal liability is also a major concern for anyone who practises a profession where such liability cannot be limited ...
For years now, Canadian residents who own a secondary residence in the United States have been concerned with American estate taxes. This concern comes from the fact that property located in the United States and owned by Canadian residents is subject to American estate taxes upon the owner’s death, taxes which can sometimes reach significant amounts ...
HOUSTON (Reuters) - Fears that contracts signed with Iraq's interim government could be voided by a new elected leadership have made oil companies wary of entering into deals with the energy-rich country, experts said on Tuesday. "We're seeing some reticence from major oil companies in dealing with the interim government," Lori Feathers, a lawyer with Haynes & Boone, LLP told an energy industry gathering ...
On October 29, 2004, the Supreme Court of Canada issued its much anticipated decision in the case of Peoples Department Stores (Trustee of) vs. Wise ...
1. Overview of recent corporate governance reforms a. Recent initiatives There have been numerous recent changes in Hong Kong in relation to corporate governance matters, extending well beyond legislation and nonbinding codes. The roles of relevant regulators have also been examined and proposed changes made. As far as legislation is concerned, the most significant change is the introduction of the Securities and Futures Ordinance, which came into force on April 1 2003 ...
The State Administration of Taxation issued the Notice on Several Issues in the Implementation of Tax Agreements and the Individual Income Tax Law on Individuals With No Domicile in China on 23 July 2004. The Notice, which entered into effect on 1 July 2004, clarifies a number of issues related to the levy of PRC individual income tax ("IIT") on expatriate employees ...
Ukrainian tax authorities are notorious for their practice of failing to return VAT advance payments on time. This problem appears to be of an economic rather than legal nature and persists due to the constant shortage of budget funds, which are most commonly spent for purposes other than proper VAT rebates. Ultimately, the state is unwilling and often unable to refund VAT in the proper way, and so is continuously credited at the expense of local taxpayers ...
May a manufacturer fix the price at which its distributor may sell its products (resale price maintenance)? Article 10 of the Federal Enconomic Competition Law sets out in seven paragraphs the activities that are classified as relative monopolistic practices, provided that: (a) the agent in question has substantial economic power in the relevant market; and (b) the purpose of effect of the activity is, or may be, to improperly displace other agents from the market, significantly impede their
Current economic competition legislation has imposed new rules on economic agents that operate in the national market. These rules have changed the nature of the relationships which business may have with competitors, suppliers, distributors, and customers ...
Synopsis - Trial lawyers often find themselves defending one of several defendants in a lawsuit. Depending on the claims and defenses in the case, they may need to communicate with lawyers defending other parties to discuss defense strategy and understand the case from different perspectives. It is critically important for trial lawyers to know and understand which communications are protected from discovery ...
The UK press reported recently (August 2004) that an unnamed Lloyds TSB customer, backed by the Lloyds TSB Group Union, has complained to the Information Commissioner (the UK equivalent of the Irish Data Protection Commissioner) in respect of the transfer abroad of “sensitive personal data” 1 held by Lloyds about its customers. The government-appointed information commissioner has been asked to rule on whether Lloyds TSB is acting illegally ...
The first legal issue to consider is whether your company has the power to carry out non-commercial dealings such as making political or charitable donations. The company's constitution should be reviewed to ensure the company is expressly empowered to make such donations. If no express power exists you could consider putting a relevant amendment of the constitution to a shareholders' vote ...
By Eduardo A Trueba C. January 2005 Corporate subsistence, in an economy that each day becomes more competitive, dynamic and integrated to the global world in which we live, has exponentially increased corporate mergers and alliances, together with similar transactions, such as stock acquisitions from one company for another’s capital, company, know how, and royalties transfers, among others ...
THE LAW OF DEFAMATION: A PRIMER By Thomas S. Woods* INTRODUCTION Editors, publishers, writers, advertisers and all who are involved in the dissemination of information in written or electronic form should have at least an elementary grasp of the principles of the law of defamation. It is often said that a little information can be a dangerous thing. That truism is difficult to dispute ...
“Financial assistance” includes granting credit, lending money, providing security for or guaranteeing a loan. (This is the definition in relation to connected transactions, but a similar concept would apply generally.) We will first discuss the treatment of price-sensitive information, in respect of which there is a general obligation ...
This will depend on how much money you are trying to raise and the number of people to whom you intend to offer the shares. The biggest change to the current AIM prospectus will occur if you are raising more than EUR 2.5 million (about £1.7 million) and you are offering shares to more than 100 people. If that is the case, the prospective directive (PD) will apply and the company will need to produce a PD prospectus ...
