You may already be aware of a new federal law called the Corporate Transparency Act (the CTA), which became effective on January 1, 2024. The CTA was enacted as part of the National Defense Authorization Act and mandates that certain business entities (“Reporting Companies”) report identifying information to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) ...
Americans have increasingly accepted meat and dairy alternatives as staples in their daily diets. For example, recent market research shows that two out of every five U.S. consumers plan to purchase plant-based meat products in 2023. The prevalence of these forms of alternative protein has set the stage for a semantic — and potentially paradigm-shifting — dispute over the very meaning of the terms "meat," "milk" and "dairy ...
Facebook recently won a landmark victory in the Ninth Circuit against a company that accessed Facebook’s computers to help users manage their social network accounts. Now the company, Power Ventures, Inc., says that the Ninth Circuit’s decision risks creating “widespread confusion” about when it is a crime to use a computer to access a website. The issue in Facebook, Inc. v. Power Ventures, Inc., No. 13-17102 (9th Cir ...
On February 15, 2024, the United States Copyright Office published a notice of proposed rulemaking, proposing to create a new group registration option for published two-dimensional artwork. Currently, the Copyright Office permits group registration of up to ten unpublished two-dimensional artworks, and it also permits the registration of individual published two-dimensional artworks ...
The growing popularity of plant-based dairy and meat products has engendered a series of legal disputes about how these products may be labeled and advertised. Plaintiffs have filed a number of largely unsuccessful consumer class actions alleging that packages promising soy milk and veggie burgers tricked them into thinking that they were buying the animal versions ...
In recent years, TikTok has become one of the most popular social media apps in the United States, with more than 150 million users,[i] and the most popular smartphone app in the United States.[ii] Despite its widespread popularity in the United States, TikTok has come under regulatory scrutiny due to data security concerns relating to its Chinese parent, ByteDance, and the United States government has even threatened to ban the TikTok app nationally if ByteDance does not sell the app ...
The United States Senate passed S. 945, the “Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act” (the HFCAA), by unanimous consent on May 20, 2020. The HFCAA was first introduced in the Senate on March 28, 2019 by Senator John Kennedy (R-LA) and co-sponsored by Senator Chris Van Hollen (D-MD) ...
In Dubin v. United States, the Supreme Court gave a narrowing construction to a federal statute, 18 U.S.C. § 1028A. This statute provides that whomever, “during and in relation to any [predicate offense], knowingly transfers, possesses, or uses, without lawful authority, a means of identification of another person” is a guilty of a crime ...
U.S. capital markets are beginning to experience the effects of the passage of the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (HFCAA). Amid continuing tensions between the United States and China, then-President Trump signed the HFCAA into law on December 18, 2020. The HFCAA was introduced in the United States Senate on March 28, 2019 by Senator John Kennedy (R-LA) and Senator Chris Van Hollen (D-MD). The HFCAA passed the Senate by unanimous consent on May 20, 2020 ...
As the United States and countries all over the world continue to grapple with the Covid-19 pandemic, the race is on for Covid-19 treatments and vaccines. There is currently no FDA-approved therapy or vaccine for Covid-19. Given the profound urgency, life sciences companies and other researchers are prioritizing research and development of potential therapies and vaccines ...
Last week, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (“EEOC”) updated its COVID-19 guidance to address workplace issues related to COVID-19 vaccines, including mandatory vaccination policies. According to the EEOC, employers may mandate vaccines, but must attempt to accommodate employees who refuse vaccination because of disability or a sincerely held religious belief, practice, or observance ...
The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (“EEOC”) announced on March 29, 2021 that qualifying employers should file 2019 and 2020 workplace diversity data, known as the EEO-1 Component 1 data, by July 19, 2021. The data collection will open on April 26, 2021. Employers with 100 or more employees and federal contractors with 50 or more employees should begin preparing to submit the data in anticipation of this opening ...
Since the mid-1620s when the Dutch settled in Manhattan, New York City has been a diverse, multicultural, international center for trade, commerce and finance. As a result of the role New York has played in the global community for more than three centuries, parties often select, and specify, the law of New York as the governing law in their agreements. Its rationality, consistency and stability provide an invaluable foundation for legal and business relationships the world over ...
Over the past several months, many disputes have arisen over whether the COVID19 pandemic or government responses to it provide, depending on the jurisdiction, an impossibility or impracticability defense for nonperformance under a contract. Now, we are beginning to see a flood of decisions addressing that defense. We previously wrote about two recent decisions from New York that are instructive on the defense of impossibility — the relevant standard under New York law ...
On June 29, 2023, the Supreme Court ruled in Students for Fair Admissions, Inc., v. President and Fellows of Harvard College and Students for Fair Admissions, Inc., v. University of North Carolina (collectively “SFFA”) that Harvard and the University of North Carolina (“UNC”) violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment by impermissibly considering race when making undergraduate admissions decisions ...
The manufacturer of a product generally has a duty to warn the end-consumer of any serious risks associated with that product. In the context of prescription drugs and medical devices, however, the “learned intermediary” doctrine holds that the manufacturer need not warn the end-consumer (i.e., patient). Instead, the manufacturer discharges its obligations by warning the prescribing physician ...
As part of our series of continuing updates1 on different aspects of The Setting Every Community Up For Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019 (the “SECURE Act”) and related legislation that may impact (or provide opportunities for) employers that sponsor retirement plans, this alert provides an overview of changes to rules related to nondiscrimination testing where defined benefit plans have been frozen or closed to new participants under the SECURE Act, and a reduction in the m
The Setting Every Community Up For Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019 (the “SECURE Act”), made sweeping changes to retirement plan rules ...
In 1968, the Supreme Court held in Bruton v. United States that a defendant was deprived of his rights under the Confrontation Clause when a nontestifying codefendant's confession naming the defendant as a participant in the crime was introduced in their joint trial, regardless of any instruction that the jury should consider the confession only against the confessing defendant ...
We are deeply saddened at the passing of our dear friend and Patterson Belknap colleague, Robert M. Pennoyer, on August 13, 2023. He was a leader of the firm in every way, and he was indefatigable in his service to the firm’s clients and to our community. Bob was born on April 9, 1925, in the house of his grandfather J.P. Morgan on Madison Avenue. His commitment to service was instilled from a young age ...
Most founders are familiar with Section 1202 of the Internal Revenue Code, which provides a tax exemption for the sale of Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS). Less well known is Section 1202's cousin, Section 1045, which provides certain tax benefits for a "rollover" of proceeds from the sale of QSBS into replacement QSBS. The basic rules are as follows: The original QSBS must be owned for at least 6 months prior to its sale ...
The Financial Oversight and Management Board for Puerto Rico recently filed a voluntary petition for relief on behalf of Puerto Rico in federal court there. The filing required the Chief Justice of the United States to designate a district court judge to conduct the case. In recent months Chief Justice Roberts appointed District Judge Laura Taylor Swain of the Southern District of New York ...
ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence program, has grabbed wide attention since its first introduction to the public. It has become the fastest-growing consumer application in history with more than 100 million monthly active users. People are amazed by its ability to respond intelligently to complex queries. ChatGPT is only one of the many AI tools that are being developed and used in various industries to improve efficiency and customer service ...
Recent market volatility and the public health implications of the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) have been unsettling. It can be stabilizing in turbulent times to take a deep breath, focus on long-term planning strategies and goals, and assess whether there might be new opportunities to enhance your estate plan ...
The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (the “Act”), which was signed into law on December 27, 2020, includes several updates to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) originally established by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (as modified by the Paycheck Protection Program Flexibility Act of 2020, the “CARES Act”) ...
