The Trans-Pacific Partnership (“TPP”) is a free-trade agreement among Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, Vietnam and the United States (the “TPP Members”). While, as reported, an agreement on the TPP was reached on October 5, 2015, each of the TPP Members must still enact the TPP. On November 5, 2015, the full text of the TPP trade agreement was released to the public for the first time ...
The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Corporation Finance, in connection with its review of periodic reports filed by exploration and production (E&P) companies in 2015, has recently issued a number of comment letters to these companies asking them to quantify the impact of low commodity prices on their proved reserves and results of operations ...
On 15 July 2015, the Indonesian Capital Investment Coordinating Board (Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal or “BKPM”) issued a circular letter on the new mechanism and procedures for obtaining Principle License applications, aimed particularly at businesses in the consultancy services sector, as an effort to boost investors’ commitment and investment realization (formally, Circular Letter No ...
As an update to our previous Newsletter regarding Regulation No. 17/3/PBI/2015 regarding the Obligation to Use Rupiah in the Territory of the Republic of Indonesia (“BI Regulation”), Bank Indonesia (“BI”) has issued an implementing regulation regarding the mandatory use of Rupiah under BI Circular Letter No. 17/11/DKSP (“Circular 17”) ...
WWII deeply modified the Canadian economy1. The concentration of resources toward the war effort brought about, among other things, a shortage of rental premises2. Hence, the law governing leases was adapted3. and the existing liberal vision of free negotiation of contracts and consent made way for a stricter one ...
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) is continuing to scrutinize municipal bond offerings and bring enforcement actions aimed at improving underwriter due diligence and increasing information to investors. On September 30, 2015, the Commission announced a second round of enforcement actions under the Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation (MCDC) Initiative, securing settlements against 22 underwriting firms ...
This week the European Union Court of Justice (“EUCJ”) struck down the U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Framework governing the transfer of personal data from the European Union to the United States that had been in place since 2000 (“Safe Harbor”).1 Case C-362/14, Schrems v. Data Prot. Comm’r, 2015 E.C.R. ---. Safe Harbor governed the most common set of requirements under which organizations could legally transfer personal data from EU member countries to the U.S ...
As cyber threats and news of data breaches make headlines, the Securities Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) has increased its expectations for investment advisers, broker-dealers, and funds to protect client information from hackers. On September 22, 2015, the Commission brought its first cybersecurity enforcement action against an investment adviser, sending a message to regulated entities. R.T. Jones Capital Equities Management, a St ...
A few weeks ago now, "CBP" ("U.S. Customs and Border Protection") launched the new "C-TPAT" ("Custom-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism") Portal 2.0. For Canadian exporters who are members of C-TPAT, this requires that they bring themselves up to date without further delay so that they are in compliance on a timely basis with the new requirements and with the Portal's new method of operation ...
Although the Czech real estate market has recently witnessed several significant deals (see Attractive Real Estate Business in the Czech Republic), there is definitely still great potential in the Czech Republic for future investors. Correspondingly, according to the latest figures, it seems that even a forecast of a 6% price increase will be surpassed in 2015 ...
The president Correa sent to the National Assembly, the bill of law regarding Public Private Partnerships by the urgent procedure. A new governmental approach is starting to rise regarding private participation in sectors where the State became the sole protagonist ...
Lavery closely monitors new developments in consumer law and is committed to keeping the business community informed of the latest developments in this area of the law by regularly publishing newsletters dealing with new case law or legislative changes which may impact, influence, even transform practices in this area. The issue of accuracy in the advertising of prices by merchants is one which has received considerable attention ...
A few weeks ago now, "CBP" ("U.S. Customs and Border Protection") launched the new "C-TPAT" ("Custom-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism") Portal 2.0. For Canadian exporters who are members of C-TPAT, this requires that they bring themselves up to date without further delay so that they are in compliance on a timely basis with the new requirements and with the Portal's new method of operation ...
Since the Executive Decree N°1793 that was enacted in June of 2009, the investment regulations in Ecuador suffered a 180 degrees change. The limitations of classification to become a supplier to the state, and the mandatory authorization by the public entity for approving the transfer of the shares of the contractor to another company, limited the participation of foreign investors in the economy ...
Financial institutions are moving forward in their multidistrict litigation (“MDL”) lawsuit against Target following the company’s 2013 payment card breach. Last week, a Minnesota federal district court certified a class of approximately 9,000 banks and credit unions that issued payment cards affected by the breach. The ruling is the first to grant class certification in litigation following a payment card compromise.To read the full alert, click here ...
On 23 January 2015, the Supreme Court delivered a judgment concerning the moderation of an invalid non-competition clause in a business transfer agreement. This judgment arose after the Ghent Court of Appeal had refused to moderate a non-competition obligation lasting for period of 17 years.In line with previous case law, the clause was declared absolutely null and void and the Ghent Court of Appeal ruled that the clause could not be mitigated in any way ...
Although the deadline to transpose the Accounting Directive 2013/34/EU into Belgian law elapsed on 20 July 2015, the Belgian legislator failed to transpose the Accounting Directive on time. Nevertheless, Belgium’s Council of Ministers did approve a preliminary draft Act and a preliminary draft royal decree on 19 June. Subject to the Council of State’s further advice, it is likely that the transposition into Belgian law will take place in the coming months ...
In late August 2015, the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) announced a settlement with three investment funds managed by Third Point LLC (“Third Point”) for alleged violations of the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “HSR Act”) involving improper reliance on the “investment only exemption ...
The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals recently affirmed a district court ruling regarding class certification in a securities class action, Ludlow, et al. v. BP, PLC, et al., stemming from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon explosion in the Gulf of Mexico. The opinion provides several important takeaways for securities class action litigation. To read the full alert, click here ...
Because of the demographic context, the rate of business transfers has been rising steadily in Quebec over the past few years. Whether unexpectedly or as part of a succession plan, certain key employees can show the potential and ambition to take over from the current owner. In this issue ofLavery Business, we look at a number of aspects that are of particular importance when a business is being transferred to its employees or managers ...
Introduction The Competition Commission of India (‘CCI’), has recently issued the Competition Commission of India (Competition Assessment of Legislations and Bills) Guidelines, 2015 (‘Guidelines’)[1]. The Guidelines will come into effect on 1 January 2016. This article intends to provide a brief overview of the Guidelines, as proposed by the CCI ...
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission recently adopted a final rule to implement Section 953(b) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act with respect to chief executive officer pay-ratio disclosures. Under the Final Rule, a public company must disclose the ratio of the annual total compensation of its chief executive officer to the median of the annual total compensation for all of that company’s other employees ...
TYPES OF LIMITED COMPANIES AND SHARES1. What are the main types of companies with limited liabilityand shareholders? Which is the most common? Which typedo foreign investors most commonly use?The most common types of companies that enjoy limited liabilityare the Sociedad Anónima (SAs) and the Sociedad deResponsabilidad Limitada (SRLs), and these are the main types ofcompanies with limited liability. Joint stock companies (Sociedaden Comandita por Acciones) are also common ...
This Q&A gives an overview of the key factors affecting inward investment, including information on the jurisdiction's legal system; key laws and regulatory authorities; investment restrictions; and details of international treaties, customs and monetary unions ...
Argentina has thwarted debt security holders’ attempts to collect on their bond default judgments stemming from the nation’s 2001 economic collapse and subsequent repayment moratorium.EM Ltd. and NML Capital, Ltd ...
