The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals recently held that a company may be liable for weak cybersecurity measures that cause another party economic injury, even if there is no contractual relationship between the parties. This holding could signal an expansion in cyber liability and is yet another reason for companies that manage sensitive data to ensure they have effective cybersecurity measures in place. The case, Lone Star National Bank NA, et al. v. Heartland Payment Systems, Inc ...
In Securities and Exchange Commission v. Bartek, the Fifth Circuit held that the federal “catch all” statute of limitations for government enforcement actions - 28 U.S.C. § 2462 - begins to run when the violation occurs, not when the government discovered the violation.1 The court also held that the statute, which bars actions seeking a “civil fine, penalty or forfeiture,” covers injunctions under certain circumstances ...
On May 18, 2012, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit held in Reed v. Florida Metropolitan University, Inc. that class actions are available in arbitration proceedings only if there is a contractual basis for finding that the parties agreed to class arbitration ...
What exactly is unlawful competition? Unlawful competition is often lumped together with IP, and indeed there are obvious links: the common law action of passing off (closely related to trade marks) is a species of unlawful competition; and unlawful competition cases often involve technology, trade secrets and the misuse of confidential information, thus potentially bringing them within the scope of patent law and copyright law ...
In a recent article published in Capital Markets Law Journal, WSG Member Helene Andersson, Counsel at Delphi, examines the EU Market Abuse Regulation (MAR) from a due process perspective and discusses the negative implications of pursuing a market abuse regime with a one-eyed focus on effectiveness at the expense of procedural safeguards. Click here to access the full article ...
The globalization of markets, the opening-up of world trade, and technological development have allowed multinational corporations to gain ground, arousing concerns related to the defense of competition. Some nations and regional blocks, such as the U.S.A ...
On February 17, 2023, the New Filing Rules was released by the China Securities Regulatory Commission ("CSRC"), which will come into force on March 31, 2023. In the meantime, the Notice of the State Council on Further Strengthening the Administration of Overseas Stock Issuance and Listing (State Council Announcement [1997] No. 21) (the "97 Red Chip Guidelines") will be repealed on the effective date of the New Filing Rules ...
In the process of overseas offering and listing of domestic enterprises so far, it is necessary for the listing intermediaries (the "Intermediaries") to conduct due diligence on all aspects of the issuer. In particular, PRC lawyers are required to issue the PRC legal opinions on the history, corporate governance, business operation, major assets, tax, employment, and other aspects of the domestic enterprises ...
For a long time, overseas listing of domestic enterprises has been one of the major ways for investment institutions to exit. The filing-based system for overseas offering and listing adopts a unified regulation pattern over direct overseas listing and indirect overseas listing, optimizes the original examination and approval procedures for direct overseas listing and full circulation, and meanwhile increases the filing requirements for indirect overseas listing ...
With the full implementation of the New Filing Rules, in addition to the requirements for domestic enterprises to file with the CSRC within three (3) business days after the submission of overseas listing application documents, the New Filing Rules also clarify the requirements for the reporting or filing procedures for domestic enterprises after overseas offerings and listings, including the filing requirements for follow-on securities offerings or the development in multiple capital markets of
The direct overseas offering and listing by domestic entities refers to the overseas offering and listing by joint-stock companies registered and incorporated domestically in China (the "Direct Overseas Listings"), which is currently one of the main ways for domestic entities to be listed overseas. Prior to the implementation of the New Filing Rules, the Direct Overseas Listings are subject to the examination and approval by both the CSRC and the overseas securities regulatory authorities ...
On 9 November 2016, a notice was published by the South African Department of Trade and Industry (the “DTI”), in terms of which the DTI proposed that all major broad-based black economic empowerment (“B-BBEE”) ownership transactions, as per code 100 of the B-BBEE Codes of Good Practice, which equal or exceed ZAR100-million, calculated by either combining the annual turnover of both entities or their asset values (the “Proposed Threshold”), must
It has been a long road for everyone’s favourite cheese. The protection of halloumi cheese should have never been complicated. The firm cheese which has the unique quality of retaining its shape even when fried or grilled, has its origins in the island of Cyprus where it has been produced for many centuries ...
On December 6, 2019, the Financial Analysis Unit (“UAF”) issued Resolution (oficio ordinario) No. 1745, applicable to all reporting entities detailed in Article 3 of Law No. 19,913 (e.g. banks, real estate management companies, insurance companies, among others), in order to enable them to effectively and correctly comply with General Instruction No. 59 dated May 24, 2019 (“Instruction No. 59”) ...
On January 31, 2022, the Financial Market Commission (“FMC”) opened a public consultation process (the “Regulatory Proposal”), in order to simplify the registration process in the following registries, and the ongoing reporting obligations of entities registered in those registries: Registry of Foreign Reinsurance Brokers. Registry of Foreign Securities. Special Registry of Reporting Entities ...
While stock exchanges worldwide have experienced dramatic downturns and the economy is apparently heading for a global recession, supervisory organs are taking measures to respond to the situation by means of financial market regulation ...
On 30 July 2021, the Financial Services Authority (“OJK”) has issued OJK Regulation No. 12/POJK.03/2021 on Commercial Banks (“POJK 12/2021”). POJK 12/2021 was issued to anticipate, amongst other things, a business development and banking trend including the development and innovation of information technology. One of the interesting topics of POJK 12/2021 is the introduction of provisions on digital banks ...
On 19 February 2015, the Financial Services Commission removed restrictions on the use of the following words in the names of BVI Business Companies – 1.“BVI”;2.“British Virgin Islands”;3.“Council”;4.“Ntl”;5.“Int”;6.“Intl”;7.“VI”; and 8.“Virgin Islands” ...
The German Federal Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information (BfDI) sees the decision as a success: On November 11, 2020, the District Court of Bonn reduced the fine imposed on 1&1 Telekom GmbH for a data protection breach from an original EUR 9.55 million to EUR 990,000.00, thereby fundamentally calling into question the fine practices of the German supervisory authorities ...
This newsletter features a look into ongoing Finnish legal reforms and recent law. The Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority's jurisdiction in merger control to be expanded by lowering turnover thresholds The Finnish Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment published in June 2022 a draft government bill on lowering the Finnish merger control turnover thresholds ...
This newsletter features a look into notable recent Finnish competition and regulatory case law.Recent developments in Finnish merger control: A more hardline approach to divestiture commitments The Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority's (FCCA) merger control team had a busy year ...
This newsletter features a look into Finnish competition law developments and recent enforcement practice. 2023 starts with reforms in Finnish merger control Lower turnover thresholds enter into force Revised merger control turnover thresholds entered into force in Finland on 1 January 2023. The thresholds are applicable to all transactions signed on or after this date ...
