Cadbury has lost a five-year legal battle with Swiss rival Nestlé. This week the Court of Appeal overturned a previous decision of the High Court that gave Cadbury an exclusive right to the famous purple colour it uses for its chocolate wrappers. Cadbury began marketing Dairy Milk in a pale mauve colour in 1905 but it wasn’t until 1920 that its full range of Dairy Milk became purple ...
In the innovativeness of its economy, Poland ranks 4th from last in the European Union, but greater support is planned for highly innovative projects that show promise for implementation and commercialisation in Poland. At a session of the Polish Parliament’s Innovation and New Technology Committee on 19 June 2013, the Ministry of Regional Development presented the guidelines for operational programmes Smart Growth 2014–2020 and IT & Telecommunications 2014–2020 ...
As the regulatory environment continues to change and more complex pensions-related issues arise, the knowledge and understanding obligations on pension scheme trustees continue to grow. Trustees can struggle to keep up with the ever-changing pensions environment and it is therefore important that an appropriate training checklist and schedule is put in place to ensure that trustees are able to effectively fulfil their roles and statutory duties ...
John Grimes Partnership Ltd v Gubbins [2013] EWCA Civ 37 involved a dispute about a property development. Mr Gubbins engaged the John Grimes Partnership Ltd to design a road over land on which he intended to develop residential properties. An express term of the contract between the parties was that the works would be completed by March 2007. However, in February 2008 there was still work to be done so Mr Gubbins engaged an alternative engineer to complete the work ...
To the average internet user the few little letters at the end of the domain name they have just searched must seem rather trivial. Little do they know of the struggle of numerous corporations to obtain those little letters in an effort to try to stamp their individuality on the internet. Companies such as "donut.com" (who focus on registering as many as these generic top level domains or gTLDs as possible) insist that "the current Internet namespace, like ...
SUMMARY: 1. Principles of Belgian Sports justice – 2. The relationship between ordinary justice and Sports justice – 3. The relevant NOC regulations and NOC judicial body – 4. The relevant football regulations and RBFA judicial bodies – 5. Other sports judicial bodies – 6. Clubs’ and players’ rights and obligations – 7. Dispute settlement – 8. ADR and interim relief – Conclusion Abstract:This article aims at providing an overview of sports justice in Belgium ...
Player power, loyalty and respect of contracts has increasingly made media headlines, demonstrated predominantly this summer with Luis Suarez of Liverpool FC and Manchester United's Wayne Rooney. As widely reported, Arsenal FC made an infamous bid of £40,000,001.00 to Liverpool for the transfer of the registration of Suarez to Arsenal ...
With the publication of Law no.74/2013 of 6 September a Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) was created in Portugal. The law will come into force 90 days after the setting up of the CAS, which will be based at the Portuguese Olympic Committee (POC). In an official communication dated 13 September the POC has already announced that it will respond positively to the mandate conferred on it to set up the CAS ...
In June 2013, the Land and Environment Court handed down a judgment in a case concerning parent company liability for environmental pollution caused by a subsidiary, (Case No. M 11429-12). Initially, we give a brief description of the term operator followed by an account of the judgment in question ...
Gareth Bale has been in the news last week for transferring to Real Madrid in a record £85m deal. Less well known is that at the beginning of August he successfully registered as a UK trade mark a logo based on his signature goal celebration. His Eleven of Hearts logo is registered against several classes of goods including precious metals, jewellery, clothing, footwear and even parasols and walking sticks ...
By: Oleksandr Voznyuk, Anastasia Usova1 General1.1 Please identify the scope of claims that may be brought in Ukraine for breach of competition law.In the context of private enforcement in respect of competition law infringements, the following types of claims may be brought before the courts:a) Claims seeking cease-and-desist orders ...
Most large Ukrainian agricultural holdings have undergone substantial group restructuring and/or consolidations in the past 5 years. Many small and medium-size companies were integrated into large agricultural holdings with significant market power. This has led to an appreciable concentration on agricultural markets and, consequently, increased control for competition compliance by agricultural groups on the part of the Anti-monopoly Committee of Ukraine (the AMCU) ...
The EAT has confirmed, in the case of Brito-Babapulle v Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, that a Tribunal fell into error when it held that dismissal would always be within the band of reasonable responses in cases of gross misconduct. Whilst dismissal was almost always inevitable in cases of gross misconduct, the Tribunal failed to recognise that, in some cases, certain mitigating factors may mean that dismissal is not reasonable ...
In recent years, NASA has spent millions, if not billions, of dollars developing what they call “US commercial crew space capabilities” – in ordinary terms they want to make it easier to access the International Space Station from Earth. In trying to achieve this aim they have entered into various commercial agreements under the National Aeronatics and Space Act, known as Space Act Agreements (SAAs), instead of using more traditional form commercial contracts ...
In commercial contracts there is often a ‘waterfall’ clause, which provides for a dispute escalation process prior to the commencement of formal legal proceedings, leaving litigation as the last resort. Such clauses were determined to be legally binding in Cable & Wireless Plc v IBM United Kingdom Ltd [2002] EWHC 2059 (Comm) ...
Introduction A collateral warranty can be a construction contract and therefore subject to the right to refer disputes to adjudication, according to a recent decision by the Technology and Construction Court in Parkwood Leisure Limited v Laing O’Rourke Wales and West Limited [2013] EWHC 2665 ...
Following a period of consultation, the Government has published regulations in relation to bridging pensions which will come into force on 1 October 2013. A number of pension schemes contain provisions dealing with bridging pensions, where a greater pension is paid from the scheme until the member reaches state pension age. As the state pension age is due to be increased over time the original provisions may no longer be appropriate ...
On 25 January 2012, the European Commission decided that a substantial overhaul of data protection regulation is required and issued its proposals for change. The proposals are currently making their way through the legislative process in Brussels but, once approved, are expected to take effect at some point in 2014 ...
The government has today published its response to the consultation on changes to the TUPE Regulations, which are due to come into force in January 2014. Set to stay: service provision changes and employee liability information The headline point is that service provision changes are set to stay. Under the current TUPE Regulations, outsourcings, insourcings and retenders/second generation outsourcings would trigger a TUPE transfer ...
The Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) has published guidance on employee shareholders. This guidance is quite useful and sets out the following 6 conditions which need to be met in order to become an employee shareholder: The individual and the company must both agree that the individual will be an employee shareholder ...
Since our last update (in June 2013), progress has been made on the key outstanding issues we identified; namely, geology, taxation, community benefits and planning ...
Trusts and Private Foundations often serve the same purposes. One transfers goods (money, real estate, shares, etc.) to an Private Foundation or trustee to be managed for the benefit of one or more others. Those “others” can be the ones who have transferred the goods to the trustee or the Private Foundation, but not necessarily so ...
Guarantees are a common feature in commercial leases. A guarantor will guarantee a tenant’s obligations under a lease, for example the payment of rent. This provides security to the landlord and can help to maintain continuity of rental income regardless of the default or insolvency of the tenant. However, problems can arise with enforcement of guarantees where the obligations being guaranteed have been changed without the guarantor’s consent ...
Denmark has a large life science sector, including a number of biotech and pharmaceutical companies and research activities. The sector is highly regulated and covered by extensive and complicated statutory requirements, executive orders and ethical standards. Denmark has incorporated most of the EU regulation and Danish law is thus to a large extent in conformity with the general EU regulation and practice of, for example, the European Medicines Agency (‘EMA’) ...
The EAT has confirmed, in the case of Sood Enterprises Ltd v Healy, that the right to carry over annual leave which a worker has been unable to use due to sickness absence is limited to the basic right to four weeks’ leave in Regulation 13(1) of the Working Time Regulations 1998 (“WTR”). There is no automatic right to carry over the additional leave of 1.6 weeks provided for by Regulation 13A, unless there is an agreement to this effect between the worker and the employer ...
